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Difference between revisions of "Homographs"
Homographs (same writing) but not homophone (not same pronunciation), aka require a suffix to differentiates these audios. The suffix should not be pronounced when recording, but it will appear in the filename. For more convenience, this suffix should be added to the List:{ISO}/{list title} you plan to record, before recording it.
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| − | [[File:Homograph homophone venn diagram.svg|thumb|300px|[[Euler diagram]] showing the relationships between heteronyms and related linguistic concepts.]] | + | [[File:Homograph homophone venn diagram.svg|thumb|300px|[[w:Euler diagram|Euler diagram]] showing the relationships between heteronyms and related linguistic concepts.]] |
| − | '''Homographs''' (same writing) but not homophone (not same pronunciation), aka [[:en:Heteronym_(linguistics)#Examples|Heteronym]] require a suffix to differentiates these audios. The suffix should not be pronounced | + | {{#Subtitle:'''Homographs''' (same writing) but not homophone (not same pronunciation), aka [[:en:Heteronym_(linguistics)#Examples|Heteronym]] require a suffix to differentiates these audios. The suffix should not be pronounced when recording, but it will appear in the filename. For more convenience, this suffix should be added to the <code>List:{ISO}/{list title}</code> you plan to record, before recording it.}} |
== Rules == | == Rules == | ||
| − | # If one pronunciation is clearly the norm, no suffix is needed | + | # If one pronunciation is clearly the norm, no suffix is needed. |
# For equal rank or rare pronunciations, add to that word a suffix within brackets, example:<br><code># word (suffix)</code>. | # For equal rank or rare pronunciations, add to that word a suffix within brackets, example:<br><code># word (suffix)</code>. | ||
| − | # This suffix should hint at the difference between | + | # This suffix should hint at the difference between two homographs or more. |
| − | # The suffix must be consistent and stable, | + | # The suffix must be consistent and stable, e.g. if you start with <code>(noun)</code>, <code>(verb)</code>, keep that exact convention <u>for all</u> your recordings. If you start with a transcription, keep on that transcription. Etc. |
| − | # The suffix is in the same language as the word, | + | # The suffix is in the same language as the word, e.g. <code>red (noun)</code>, <code>အနီရောင် (နာမ်)</code>. |
| − | # | + | # Abbreviated suffixes should be avoided. Prefer full suffix <code>adjective</code>, <code>verb</code>, <code>noun</code>, <code>casual</code>, <code>formal</code>, ... |
== Homographs homophones == | == Homographs homophones == | ||
| − | Given one language and one speaker, one recording for them all. Even if meaning | + | Given one language and one speaker, one recording for them all. Even if meaning or role (part of speech) diverge. |
| − | == | + | == Homographs non-homophones == |
| − | The following are homographs non-homophones, the part between brackets is not read aloud in LinguaLibre but is used to distinguish those recordings. | + | The following are homographs non-homophones (heterophone), the part between brackets is not read aloud in LinguaLibre but is used to distinguish those recordings' files. |
| − | Distinction via semantic synonyms : | + | Distinction via semantic synonyms. In English : |
* <code># crooked (injured)</code>, pronounced and recorded `crookaid` /ˈkrʊkɪd/ | * <code># crooked (injured)</code>, pronounced and recorded `crookaid` /ˈkrʊkɪd/ | ||
* <code># crooked (corrupt)</code>, pronounced and recorded `crookt` /ˈkrʊkt/ | * <code># crooked (corrupt)</code>, pronounced and recorded `crookt` /ˈkrʊkt/ | ||
| − | Distinction via pronunciation | + | * <code># axes (weapon)</code>, pronounced and recorded `akses` /?/ <------- Example to review by English native speaker |
| + | * <code># axes (geometry)</code>, pronounced and recorded `aksis` /ˈæk.sɪs/ <------- Example to review by English native speaker | ||
| + | |||
| + | Distinction via pronunciation. In Mandarin Chinese, using toned [[:en:Hanyu pinyin|Hanyu pinyin]]: | ||
| + | * <code># 雨 (yǔ)</code>, noun, pronounced and recorded `/yː3/` | ||
| + | * <code># 雨 (yù)</code>, verb, pronounced and recorded `/y:4/` | ||
| + | |||
| + | Distinction via the part of speech. In French : | ||
| + | * <code># excellent (verb)</code>, pronounced and recorded `excel` /ɛk.sɛl/ | ||
| + | * <code># excellent (adjective)</code>, pronounced and recorded `excellant` /ɛk.sɛ.lɑ̃/ | ||
| + | |||
| + | Distinction via pronunciation. In English, using [[:en:IPA|IPA]]: | ||
* <code># crooked (/ˈkrʊkɪd/)</code>, pronounced and recorded `crookaid` /ˈkrʊkɪd/ | * <code># crooked (/ˈkrʊkɪd/)</code>, pronounced and recorded `crookaid` /ˈkrʊkɪd/ | ||
* <code># crooked (/ˈkrʊkt/)</code>, pronounced and recorded `crookt` /ˈkrʊkt/ | * <code># crooked (/ˈkrʊkt/)</code>, pronounced and recorded `crookt` /ˈkrʊkt/ | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | In | + | Distinction via cultural dimension, depending on the public (hierarchy, age, seniority). In Japanese : |
| − | * <code># | + | * <code># 昨日 (default)</code>, pronounced and recorded `きのう` (kinō) |
| − | * <code># | + | * <code># 昨日 (polite)</code>, pronounced and recorded `さくじつ` (sakujitsu) |
| + | * <code># 明日 (default)</code>, pronounced and recorded `あした` (ashita) | ||
| + | * <code># 明日 (polite)</code>, pronounced and recorded `あす` (asu), `みょうにち` (myōnichi) | ||
| + | * <code># 私 (default)</code>, pronounced and recorded `わたし` (watashi) | ||
| + | * <code># 私 (polite)</code>, pronounced and recorded `わたくし` (watakushi) | ||
== In practice == | == In practice == | ||
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# ကစေံ1 | # ကစေံ1 | ||
# ကစေံ2 | # ကစေံ2 | ||
| + | # ကစေံ3 | ||
| + | # ကစေံ4 | ||
</pre> | </pre> | ||
into | into | ||
<pre> | <pre> | ||
| − | #ကစေံ (read) | + | # ကစေံ (read) |
| − | #ကစေံ (speak) | + | # ကစေံ (speak) |
| + | # ကစေံ (Tang) | ||
| + | # ကစေံ (Te) | ||
</pre> | </pre> | ||
You can now record your words, without reading the suffix. | You can now record your words, without reading the suffix. | ||
| − | {{ | + | == Technical details == |
| − | [[ | + | The suffix is not part of the word and is stored with the property {{P|18}} in the Wikibase. See {{Q|1686}} and {{Q|1685}} for example. It is then possible to query recordings without mixing words and suffixes. |
| + | |||
| + | == See also == | ||
| + | * [[Help:Lists]] | ||
| + | * [[Help:List translation]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | {{Helps}} | ||
Latest revision as of 09:56, 24 September 2024
Euler diagram showing the relationships between heteronyms and related linguistic concepts.
Rules
- If one pronunciation is clearly the norm, no suffix is needed.
- For equal rank or rare pronunciations, add to that word a suffix within brackets, example:
# word (suffix). - This suffix should hint at the difference between two homographs or more.
- The suffix must be consistent and stable, e.g. if you start with
(noun),(verb), keep that exact convention for all your recordings. If you start with a transcription, keep on that transcription. Etc. - The suffix is in the same language as the word, e.g.
red (noun),အနီရောင် (နာမ်). - Abbreviated suffixes should be avoided. Prefer full suffix
adjective,verb,noun,casual,formal, ...
Homographs homophones
Given one language and one speaker, one recording for them all. Even if meaning or role (part of speech) diverge.
Homographs non-homophones
The following are homographs non-homophones (heterophone), the part between brackets is not read aloud in LinguaLibre but is used to distinguish those recordings' files.
Distinction via semantic synonyms. In English :
# crooked (injured), pronounced and recorded `crookaid` /ˈkrʊkɪd/# crooked (corrupt), pronounced and recorded `crookt` /ˈkrʊkt/# axes (weapon), pronounced and recorded `akses` /?/ <------- Example to review by English native speaker# axes (geometry), pronounced and recorded `aksis` /ˈæk.sɪs/ <------- Example to review by English native speaker
Distinction via pronunciation. In Mandarin Chinese, using toned Hanyu pinyin:
# 雨 (yǔ), noun, pronounced and recorded `/yː3/`# 雨 (yù), verb, pronounced and recorded `/y:4/`
Distinction via the part of speech. In French :
# excellent (verb), pronounced and recorded `excel` /ɛk.sɛl/# excellent (adjective), pronounced and recorded `excellant` /ɛk.sɛ.lɑ̃/
Distinction via pronunciation. In English, using IPA:
# crooked (/ˈkrʊkɪd/), pronounced and recorded `crookaid` /ˈkrʊkɪd/# crooked (/ˈkrʊkt/), pronounced and recorded `crookt` /ˈkrʊkt/
Distinction via cultural dimension, depending on the public (hierarchy, age, seniority). In Japanese :
# 昨日 (default), pronounced and recorded `きのう` (kinō)# 昨日 (polite), pronounced and recorded `さくじつ` (sakujitsu)# 明日 (default), pronounced and recorded `あした` (ashita)# 明日 (polite), pronounced and recorded `あす` (asu), `みょうにち` (myōnichi)# 私 (default), pronounced and recorded `わたし` (watashi)# 私 (polite), pronounced and recorded `わたくし` (watakushi)
In practice
Within your list such as List:mnw/Commons, transform :
# ကစေံ1 # ကစေံ2 # ကစေံ3 # ကစေံ4
into
# ကစေံ (read) # ကစေံ (speak) # ကစေံ (Tang) # ကစေံ (Te)
You can now record your words, without reading the suffix.
Technical details
The suffix is not part of the word and is stored with the property qualifier (P18) in the Wikibase. See fils (enfant) (Q1686) and fils (pluriel de fil) (Q1685) for example. It is then possible to query recordings without mixing words and suffixes.