SPARQL (intermediate)

Draft

This page is a work in progress.

Tools

Lexemes Queries Generator

SPARQL to persitent data

Some SPARQL queries are meaningful but heavy and overly slow. This administrator tool stores or updates the response data on LinguaLibre, within a wikipage. Stored data can then be loaded in <0.1 second. Multiple data can also be merged via a common property if any.

Federated queries

To query Lingualibre from Wikidata, use SERVICE <https://lingualibre.org/sparql>.
To query Wikidata from LinguaLibre, use SERVICE <https://query.wikidata.org/sparql>.

Retrieve data of LinguaLibre from Wikidata

To run on WDQS.^[1] It lists the existing levels in LinguaLibre.

PREFIX prop: <https://lingualibre.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX entity: <https://lingualibre.org/entity/>

SELECT * {
  SERVICE <https://lingualibre.org/sparql> {
    SELECT
      ?item
      ?itemLabel
    {
      ?item prop:P2 entity:Q5.
      SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "en" }
    }
  }
}

Retrieve data of Wikidata from LinguaLibre

To run on LLQS.^[2]

# [Example to complete]

Notable elements

LinguaLibre endpoint	Wikidata endpoint
`instance of` P2 : is `record` Q2 is `speaker` Q3 is `language` Q4 `language` P4 `speaker` P5 `gender` P8 `wikidata` P12 `iso` P13	`instance of` P31/P279* is `language` d:Q34770 (ethnic based) , d:Q315 (capacity) is `endangered language` d:Q335214 is `severely endangered language` d:Q83365366 is `dead language` d:Q45762 (no community) is `instinct language` d:Q38058796 (no speaker) `country` P17 is `country` d:Q6256 is `sovereign state` d:Q3624078 `continent` P30 `official language` P37 (for countries) `iso` P298 `geographic coordinate` P625 `number of speakers` P1098

Languages

✅ Language () → List of LL languages with wd speaker population

✅ Languages → List of LL languages with wikidata dead or extinct status

To run on LLQS.^[2]

SELECT
  ?deadLanguageLinguaLibre
  ?deadLanguageLinguaLibreLabel
  ?audios
# List Wikidata dead/extinct languages
WITH {
  SELECT DISTINCT ?deadLanguage {
    SERVICE <https://query.wikidata.org/sparql> {
      { ?deadLanguage wdt:P31/wdt:P279* wd:Q45762. }
      UNION
      { ?deadLanguage wdt:P31/wdt:P279* wd:Q38058796. }
    }
  }
} AS %deadLanguage
# Compare with LinguaLibre languages, keep when P12 `wikidata` matches
WITH {
  SELECT ?deadLanguageLinguaLibre {
    INCLUDE %deadLanguage.
    BIND(REPLACE(STR(?deadLanguage), '.*/', '') AS ?deadLanguageQid)
    ?deadLanguageLinguaLibre
      prop:P2 entity:Q4;
      prop:P12 ?deadLanguageQid.
  }
} AS %deadLanguageLinguaLibre
# For those Lingualibre languages, count audios into ?audios
WITH {
  SELECT
    ?deadLanguageLinguaLibre
    (COUNT(?audio) AS ?audios)
  {
    INCLUDE %deadLanguageLinguaLibre.
    ?audio
      prop:P2 entity:Q2;
      prop:P4 ?deadLanguageLinguaLibre.
  }
  GROUP BY ?deadLanguageLinguaLibre
} AS %audios
# What is that ? Back to main scope ? :
{
  INCLUDE %deadLanguageLinguaLibre.
  OPTIONAL{ INCLUDE %audios. }
  SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "en". }
}
ORDER BY DESC(?audios)

... Loading ...

❌ Language (Q34) → Wikidata Qid(s) → Geo-coordinates

PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX ll: <https://lingualibre.org/entity/> 
PREFIX llt: <https://lingualibre.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX lltn: <https://lingualibre.org/prop/direct-normalized/>

select distinct ?record ?transcription ?languageLabel ?wdQid ?wdQidLabel ?wdLabel ?coord
where {
  ?record llt:P2 ll:Q2 . # Filter: P2 'instance of' is Q2 'record'
  ?record llt:P4 ll:Q34 .          # Filter: record's P4 'language' is Q34 'Marathi'
  ?record llt:P4 ?language .       # Assign value: record's P4 'language' to variable ?language
  ?record llt:P7 ?transcription .  # Assign value: record's P7 'transcription' to variable ?transcription
  ?record lltn:P12 ?wdQid . # Assign value: record's P12 'wikidata id' to variable ?wikidataItem
  
  SERVICE <https://query.wikidata.org/sparql> {
    OPTIONAL { ?wdQid wdt:P625 ?coord . } # Assign value: wikidata item's wd:P625 'coordinates' to variable ?coord
    OPTIONAL {
      ?wdQid rdfs:label ?wdLabel . # Assign value: wikidata item's label to variable ?wikidataLabel
     FILTER (LANG(?wdLabel) = "en") . # Filter: default language, else English
    }
  }

  SERVICE wikibase:label {
    bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en" .
  } 
}

Result type:

record	transcription	languageLabel	wdQid	wdQidLabel	wdLabel	coord
Q196212	Tathavade	Marathi	Q2719024	Q2719024	Tathavade	Point(73.74 18.62)
Q428904	Jambavade	Marathi	Q24894740	Q24894740	Jambavade	Point(73.85 18.51)
Q428900	Dhangavhan	Marathi	Q24885008	Q24885008	Dhangavhan	Point(73.85 18.52)
…

✅ Languages → Languages with gender and recordings counts

To run on LLQS.^[2]

SELECT ?languageLabel ?wikidata ?iso
  ?malesSpeakers ?malesRecords ?femalesSpeakers ?femalesRecords
  (ROUND(1000*?femalesRecords/(?femalesRecords+?malesRecords))/10 AS ?percent)
WITH {
  SELECT ?language ?languageLabel ?wikidata ?iso {
      ?record prop:P2 entity:Q2 .     # Filter: P2 'instance of' is Q2 'record'
      ?record prop:P4 ?language .     # Assign value: P4 'language' into ?language
      ?language prop:P12 ?wikidata .   # Assign value: P12 'wikidata id' into ?wikidata
      OPTIONAL { ?language prop:P13 ?iso . } # Assign value: P13 'iso639-3' into ?iso
	}
	GROUP BY ?language ?languageLabel ?wikidata ?iso
} AS %base
WITH {
  SELECT ?language ?languageLabel ?iso ?genderLabel 
    (COUNT(DISTINCT ?females) AS ?femalesSpeakers) 
    (COUNT(DISTINCT ?record) AS ?femalesRecords) {
  INCLUDE %base
  ?record prop:P4 ?language ; # Filter
          prop:P5 ?females . # Assign value: P5 'speaker' into ?females
  ?females prop:P8 entity:Q17 ;  # Filter
          prop:P8 ?gender . # Assign value: P8 'gender' into ?gender
    } GROUP BY ?language ?languageLabel ?iso ?genderLabel
} AS %females

WITH {
  SELECT ?language ?languageLabel ?iso ?genderLabel 
    (COUNT(DISTINCT ?males) AS ?malesSpeakers)
    (COUNT(DISTINCT ?record) AS ?malesRecords) {
  INCLUDE %base
  ?record prop:P4 ?language ;
          prop:P5 ?males . # Assign value: P5 'speaker' into variable ?speakerQid
  ?males prop:P8 entity:Q16 ; 
          prop:P8 ?gender .
    } GROUP BY ?language ?languageLabel ?iso ?genderLabel
} AS %males
{
  INCLUDE %base 
  INCLUDE %females
  INCLUDE %males
  SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "en". }
}
GROUP BY ?languageLabel ?wikidata ?iso ?malesSpeakers ?malesRecords ?femalesSpeakers ?femalesRecords
ORDER BY ASC(?languageLabel )

... Loading ...

[HEAVY] Languages → Languages with gender and recordings counts (2)

To run on LLQS.^[2]

SELECT (?languageLabel as ?Language) ?iso 
  (?genderLabel as ?Gender)
  (COUNT(DISTINCT ?speakerQid) as ?Speakers) 
  (COUNT(DISTINCT ?record) as ?Records)
WHERE {
  ?record prop:P2 entity:Q2 .     # Filter: items where P2 'instance of' is Q2 'record'
  ?record prop:P4 ?language .    # Filter: items where P4 'language' is Q34 'Marathi'
  # OPTIONAL { ?language prop:P12 ?wikidata }  # Assign value: P12 'wikidata id' into variable ?WD
  OPTIONAL { ?language prop:P13 ?iso } # Assign value: P13 'iso639-3' into ?isoCode
  ?record prop:P5 ?speakerQid . # Assign value: P5 'speaker' into variable ?speakerQid
  ?speakerQid prop:P8 ?gender . #  Assign value: P8 'sex or gender'
  SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en" }
}
GROUP BY ?languageLabel ?iso ?genderLabel
ORDER BY ASC(?languageLabel )

Language	iso	Gender	Speakers	Records
Acehnese	ace	male	1	235
Afrikaans	afr	male	3	2943
Alemannic	gsw	male	1	2
Algerian Ar.	arq	male	2	234
Algerian Ar.	arq	female	2	5
Amharic  	amh	male	1	8
Amharic  	amh	female	1	209
Anc. Greek	grc	male	1	15
Arabic  	ara	male	12	5627
Arabic  	ara	female	2	9

Lexemes

✅ Language () → List of wd lexemes with LL audio

✅ Language () → List of wd lexemes with LL audio and wd translation (d:Q150)

✅ Language → List of Wikidata lexemes for Breton (d:Q12107)

To run on WDQS.^[1] Source: User:VIGNERON/common.js.

SELECT DISTINCT ?lexemeLabel ?lexeme
WITH {
  SELECT ?lexeme ?lexemeLabel ?lexical_category WHERE {
    ?lexeme a ontolex:LexicalEntry ;
            dct:language wd:Q12107 ; 
            wikibase:lemma ?lexemeLabel .
    OPTIONAL {
      ?lexeme wikibase:lexicalCategory ?lexical_category .
    }
  }
} AS %results
WHERE {
  INCLUDE %results
  OPTIONAL {        
    ?lexical_category rdfs:label ?lexical_categoryLabel .
    FILTER (LANG(?lexical_categoryLabel) = "en")
  }
}

Speakers

✅ Speakers → Largest number of languages recorded and known

#Title: Speakers with recordings largest number of languages and known languages
SELECT ?speaker ?speakerLabel ?count ?languages
# Get audios, language, speaker triplet
WITH {
  SELECT DISTINCT ?speaker ?language {
    ?audio prop:P4 ?language;
           prop:P5 ?speaker.
  }
} AS %speakers
# Get the count of languages per each speaker
WITH {
  SELECT ?speaker (COUNT(?speaker) AS ?count) {
    INCLUDE %speakers.
  }
  GROUP BY ?speaker
  ORDER BY DESC(?count)
} AS %countOfLanguagesRecordedPerSpeaker
# Get the maximum number of languages per each speaker
WITH {
  SELECT (MAX(?count) AS ?maxNumberOfLanguagesRecorded) {
    INCLUDE %countOfLanguagesRecordedPerSpeaker.
  }
} AS %maxNumberOfLanguagesRecorded
# Get those speakers whose count equals the maximum number of languages
WITH {
  SELECT ?speaker ?count {
    INCLUDE %countOfLanguagesRecordedPerSpeaker.
    INCLUDE %maxNumberOfLanguagesRecorded.
    FILTER(?count = ?maxNumberOfLanguagesRecorded).
  }
} AS %speakersWithMostNumberOfLanguagesRecorded
# Get the languages of those speakers that have recorded audios in the
# most number of languages
WITH {
  SELECT ?speaker (GROUP_CONCAT(?languageLabel; SEPARATOR = ", ") AS ?languages) {
    INCLUDE %speakersWithMostNumberOfLanguagesRecorded.
    ?speaker prop:P4 [
        rdfs:label ?languageLabel
      ]
    FILTER(LANG(?languageLabel) = "en").
  }
  GROUP BY ?speaker
} AS %languagesOfSpeakersWithMostNumberOfLanguagesRecorded
{
  INCLUDE %speakersWithMostNumberOfLanguagesRecorded.
  INCLUDE %languagesOfSpeakersWithMostNumberOfLanguagesRecorded.
  ?speaker rdfs:label ?speakerLabel.
  FILTER(LANG(?speakerLabel) = "en")
}

... Loading ...

✅ Speakers → Countries with most speakers

SELECT ?country ?continentLabel ?ISO3 ?countryLabel (COUNT(?country) AS ?count)
WITH {
  SELECT DISTINCT ?speaker {
    ?speaker prop:P2 entity:Q3;
  }
} AS %speakers
WITH {
  SELECT DISTINCT
    ?speaker
    ?country
    ?countryLabel
    ?ISO3
    ?continentLabel
  {
    INCLUDE %speakers.
    ?speaker prop:P14 ?residence.
    # Avoids weird errors.
    FILTER(REGEX(?residence, "^Q[0-9]+$"))
    BIND(IRI(CONCAT('http://www.wikidata.org/entity/', ?residence)) AS ?residenceId)
    
    # Get country from wikidata
    SERVICE <https://query.wikidata.org/sparql> {
      ?residenceId wdt:P17 ?country.
      ?country rdfs:label ?countryLabel;
               wdt:P298 ?ISO3;
               wdt:P30 ?continent.
      ?continent rdfs:label ?continentLabel.
      FILTER(LANG(?countryLabel) = "en").
      FILTER(LANG(?continentLabel) = "en").
    }
  }
} AS %speakersWithCountries
{
  INCLUDE %speakersWithCountries.
}
GROUP BY ?country ?continentLabel ?ISO3 ?countryLabel
ORDER BY DESC(?count)

... Loading ...

Speakers → Map of speakers by place

To run on WDQS.^[1]

#defaultView:Map
PREFIX ll: <https://lingualibre.org/entity/>
PREFIX llt: <https://lingualibre.org/prop/direct/>

SELECT DISTINCT ?lLabel ?coord WITH {
  SELECT ?lLabel ?loc WHERE {
    SERVICE <https://lingualibre.org/sparql> { 
      select DISTINCT ?lLabel ?loc { 
        SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en". }
        ?l llt:P2 ll:Q3 ;
           llt:P14 ?loc . 
        ?record llt:P5 ?l.   
        FILTER (regex(?loc, '^Q')) 
      } 
    }
  }
} AS %i
WHERE {
  INCLUDE %i
  BIND (URI(CONCAT("http://www.wikidata.org/entity/", ?loc)) AS ?locURL)
  SERVICE <https://query.wikidata.org/sparql> { 
    select * { 
      ?locURL wdt:P625 ?coord . 
    } 
  }
}

... Loading ...

Speakers → Map of speakers with recordings

To run on WDQS.^[1]

#defaultView:Map
# Same can apply to languages :
# Q3→Q4  : items speaker and language
# P14→P12 : items WD location and WD language
# P5→P4 : properties speaker and languages
# P625→P1098 : properties location and population

PREFIX ll: <https://lingualibre.org/entity/>
PREFIX llt: <https://lingualibre.org/prop/direct/>

SELECT DISTINCT ?itemLabel ?wikidata (?info AS ?coordinates) ?records (SAMPLE(?tag) AS ?layer)
# On Lingualibre, get item's info
WITH {
  SELECT *
  WHERE {
    SERVICE <https://lingualibre.org/sparql> {    # Commented on LLQS only
      SELECT DISTINCT ?itemLabel ?wikidata (COUNT(?record) AS ?records) 
      {
        ?item llt:P2 ll:Q3 ;
                 rdfs:label ?itemLabel;
                 llt:P14 ?wikidata .
        ?record llt:P5 ?item .
        FILTER (LANG(?itemLabel)='en')
        FILTER (regex(?wikidata, '^Q'))
      } GROUP BY ?itemLabel ?wikidata
    }           # Commented on LLQS only
  }
} AS %infoWikidataId
# On Wikidata, get the target info
WHERE {
  INCLUDE %infoWikidataId
  BIND (URI(CONCAT("http://www.wikidata.org/entity/", ?wikidata)) AS ?infoURL)
  SERVICE <https://query.wikidata.org/sparql> { 
    SELECT * { 
      ?infoURL wdt:P625 ?info .
    } 
  }
   BIND(
    IF(?records < 10, "<10",
    IF(?records < 1000, "10-1,000",
    IF(?records < 5000, "1k-5k",
    IF(?records < 25000, "5k-25k",
    IF(?records < 50000, "25k-50k",
    ">50k")))))
    AS ?tag) .
} 
GROUP BY ?itemLabel ?wikidata ?info ?records
ORDER BY DESC (?records)

itemLabel		wikidata		coord		records		layer 
नंदिनी रानडे		Q1538		Point(73.85 18.51)		991		10-1,000
Luilui6666		Q8646		Point(114.15 22.27)		6198		5k-25k

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Endpoint Wikidata Query Service (WDQS) – run SPARQL Queries upon Wikidata. Run, test, download the data as json, csv or tsv. Has advanced user-friendly features such as : word hovering too see a term's meaning, code optimization, etc.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Endpoint LinguaLibre Query Service (LLQS) – run SPARQL Queries upon LinguaLibre. Run, test, download the data as json, csv or tsv.

Template	{{Speakers category}} • {{Recommended lists}} • {{To iso 639-2}} • {{To iso 639-3}} • {{Userbox-records}} • {{Bot steps}}
Audio files	How to create a frequency list? • Convert files formats • Denoise files with SoX • Rename and mass rename
Bots	Help:Bots • LinguaLibre:Bot • Help:Log in to Lingua Libre with Pywikibot • Lingua Libre Bot (gh) • Olafbot • PamputtBot • Dragons Bot (gh)
MediaWiki	MediaWiki: Help:Documentation opérationelle Mediawiki • Help:Database structure • Help:CSS • Help:Rename • Help:OAuth • LinguaLibre:User rights (rate limit) • Module:Lingua Libre record & {{Lingua Libre record}} • JS scripts: MediaWiki:Common.js • LastAudios.js • SoundLibrary.js • ItemsSugar.js • LexemeQueriesGenerator.js (pad) • Sparql2data.js (pad) • LanguagesGallery.js (pad) • Gadgets: Gadget-LinguaImporter.js • Gadget-Demo.js • Gadget-RecentNonAudio.js • LiLiZip.js
Queries	Help:APIs • Help:SPARQL • SPARQL (intermediate) (stub) • SPARQL for lexemes (stub) • SPARQL for maintenance • Lingualibre:Wikidata (stub) • Help:SPARQL (HAL)
Reuses	Help:Download datasets • Help:Embed audio in HTML
Unstable & tests	Help:SPARQL/test
Categories	Category:Technical reports

Help

SPARQL (intermediate)

Contents

Tools

Lexemes Queries Generator

SPARQL to persitent data

Federated queries

Retrieve data of LinguaLibre from Wikidata

Retrieve data of Wikidata from LinguaLibre

Notable elements

Languages

✅ Language () → List of LL languages with wd speaker population

✅ Languages → List of LL languages with wikidata dead or extinct status

❌ Language (Q34) → Wikidata Qid(s) → Geo-coordinates

✅ Languages → Languages with gender and recordings counts

[HEAVY] Languages → Languages with gender and recordings counts (2)

Lexemes

✅ Language () → List of wd lexemes with LL audio

✅ Language () → List of wd lexemes with LL audio and wd translation (d:Q150)

✅ Language → List of Wikidata lexemes for Breton (d:Q12107)

Speakers

✅ Speakers → Largest number of languages recorded and known

✅ Speakers → Countries with most speakers

Speakers → Map of speakers by place

Speakers → Map of speakers with recordings

References

See also