SoX

Dependencies

• SoX – Sound eXchange, the Swiss Army knife of audio manipulation
• FFmpeg – ffmpeg video converter
  • -ss: the time offset from beginning. (h:m:s.ms).
  • -t duration: record or transcode duration seconds of audio/video.
  • -vn no video: ignore video stream
• FFprobe – complement to FFmpeg, gives information on files.
• Audacity – UI software to inspect audio file, convenient to see their audio waves.

Denoise

Extract noise samples

Given a file with silence in its first 0.3sec. :

# sox in.ext out.ext trim {start: s.ms} {duration: s.ms}
sox audio.wav noise-audio.wav trim 0 0.300     
# or :
ffmpeg -i audio.wav -vn -ss 00:00:00 -t 00:00:00.300 noise-audio.wav

For a folder with .wav audios with noisy silence in first 150ms and last 200ms :

# Create noise samples
mkdir -p ./noise;
for file in ./wav/*.wav;
do key=$(basename "$file" .wav);
  ffmpeg -i "$file" -vn -ss 00:00:00 -t 00:00:00.150 ./noise/noise-"$key"-head.wav ;
  ffmpeg -vn -sseof -0.200 -t 0.200 -i "$file" ./noise/noise-"$key"-tail.wav
  # sox "$file" ./noise/noise-"$key"-head.wav trim 0 0.200     
  # sox "$file"  ./noise/noise-"$key"-tail.wav reverse trim 0 0.200 reverse
done;

Generate a noise profile in sox

Background audio noise sample from Shtooka project based on 282 samples from 191 audio files' header (0.17s) and tail (0.23s), totalling 51 sec. of noise. Such file are used as sample to remove background noise (denoise) in audio files recorded in similar conditions.

# From one noise sample audio file
sox noise-audio.wav -n noiseprof noise.prof

# Contact noise samples into single noise sample
ffmpeg -f concat -safe 0 -i <(for f in ./noise/*.wav; do echo "file '$PWD/$f'"; done) -c copy ./noise/noise-audio.wav

# From sample, creates noise profile
sox ./noise/noise-audio.wav -n noiseprof ./noise/noise.prof ;

Clean the noise from the audio

Single file :

sox audio.wav audio-clean.wav noisered noise.prof 0.21

Batch of files:

# Denoise
mkdir -p ./clean;
for file in ./wav/*.wav;do key=$(basename "$file" .wav);
sox "$file" ./clean/"$key".wav noisered ./noise/noise.prof 0.21;
done;

According to source :

Change 0.21 to adjust the level of sensitivity in the sampling rates (I found 0.2-0.3 often provides best result).

Sources

• How to denoise with SOX ?
• How To Do Noise Reduction Using ffmpeg And sox

Fades

To fade-in on 0.3s and out in 0.4s, you can use a simple ./fadeWav.sh bash script, such as:

sox input.wav output.wav fade "0:0.3" `soxi -d input.wav` "0:0.3"

Or as a script:

#! /bin/bash
WAV_IN=$1
WAV_OUT=$2
FADE_IN_L="0:0.3"
FADE_OUT_L="0:0.4"

LENGTH=`soxi -d $WAV_IN`

sox $WAV_IN $WAV_OUT fade $FADE_IN_L $LENGTH $FADE_OUT_L

soxi -d returns the length of the wav file. See sox documentation for more on soxi.

You can run this bash script as follows:

./fadeWav.sh input.wav faded.wav

Sources

• Answer:SOX and fade in and fade out

Normalize

Content to create. See also phab:T213535.

See also

• Help:Rename
• Help:Converting audios
• How to batch split audio files wherever there is silence?
• RNNoise